“Apache服务器的安装(完整版)”的版本间的差异
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第59行: | 第59行: | ||
<nowiki>mkdir /mnt/downloads | <nowiki>mkdir /mnt/downloads | ||
− | mount -o loop /dev/cdrom /mnt/downloads | + | mount -o loop /dev/cdrom /mnt/downloads |
− | ls /mnt/downloads</nowiki> | + | ls /mnt/downloads |
+ | mkdir test | ||
+ | cp /mnt/downloads/Packages/ test/ | ||
+ | cp /mnt/downloads/Packages/ test/ -r | ||
+ | cd test | ||
+ | ls | ||
+ | cd Packages | ||
+ | </nowiki> | ||
查询相关的httpd包: | 查询相关的httpd包: | ||
− | <nowiki>[root@maxin ~]# | + | <nowiki>[root@maxin ~]# ll| grep httpd |
/mnt/downloads/Packages/httpd-2.2.15-5.el6.i686.rpm | /mnt/downloads/Packages/httpd-2.2.15-5.el6.i686.rpm | ||
/mnt/downloads/Packages/httpd-devel-2.2.15-5.el6.i686.rpm | /mnt/downloads/Packages/httpd-devel-2.2.15-5.el6.i686.rpm | ||
第72行: | 第79行: | ||
</nowiki> | </nowiki> | ||
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</nowiki> | </nowiki> | ||
====执行安装==== | ====执行安装==== | ||
− | <nowiki>[root@ | + | <nowiki>[root@maxin Packages]# rpm -ivh httpd-2.2.15-5.el6.i686.rpm |
− | warning: httpd-2.2.15-5.el6. | + | warning: httpd-2.2.15-5.el6.i686.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID fd4 31d51: NOKEY |
+ | error: Failed dependencies: | ||
+ | apr-util-ldap is needed by httpd-2.2.15-5.el6.i686 | ||
+ | httpd-tools = 2.2.15-5.el6 is needed by httpd-2.2.15-5.el6.i686 | ||
+ | libapr-1.so.0 is needed by httpd-2.2.15-5.el6.i686 | ||
+ | libaprutil-1.so.0 is needed by httpd-2.2.15-5.el6.i686 | ||
+ | |||
+ | 此时报错,libapr-1.so.0在apr-1.2.7-11.el5_3.1.i386.rpm中,libaprutil-1.so.0在apr-util-1.2.7-7.el5_3.2.i386.rpm,安装这两个包 | ||
+ | |||
+ | [root@maxin Packages]# ll |grep apr | ||
+ | -r--r--r--. 1 root root 130904 Oct 24 22:13 apr-1.3.9-3.el6.i686.rpm | ||
+ | -r--r--r--. 1 root root 180168 Oct 24 22:13 apr-devel-1.3.9-3.el6.i686.rpm | ||
+ | -r--r--r--. 1 root root 91052 Oct 24 22:13 apr-util-1.3.9-3.el6.i686.rpm | ||
+ | -r--r--r--. 1 root root 70372 Oct 24 22:13 apr-util-devel-1.3.9-3.el6.i686.rp m | ||
+ | -r--r--r--. 1 root root 15692 Oct 24 22:13 apr-util-ldap-1.3.9-3.el6.i686.rpm | ||
+ | [root@maxin Packages]# rpm -ivh apr-1.3.9-3.el6.i686.rpm | ||
+ | warning: apr-1.3.9-3.el6.i686.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID fd431d 51: NOKEY | ||
+ | Preparing... ########################################### [100%] | ||
+ | 1:apr ########################################### [100%] | ||
+ | [root@maxin Packages]# ll |grep apr-util | ||
+ | -r--r--r--. 1 root root 91052 Oct 24 22:13 apr-util-1.3.9-3.el6.i686.rpm | ||
+ | -r--r--r--. 1 root root 70372 Oct 24 22:13 apr-util-devel-1.3.9-3.el6.i686.rp m | ||
+ | -r--r--r--. 1 root root 15692 Oct 24 22:13 apr-util-ldap-1.3.9-3.el6.i686.rpm | ||
+ | [root@maxin Packages]# rpm -ivh apr-util-1.3.9-3.el6.i686.rpm | ||
+ | warning: apr-util-1.3.9-3.el6.i686.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID f d431d51: NOKEY | ||
+ | Preparing... ########################################### [100%] | ||
+ | 1:apr-util ########################################### [100%] | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | 再次尝试安装httpd: | ||
+ | [root@maxin Packages]# rpm -ivh httpd-2.2.15-5.el6.i686.rpm | ||
+ | warning: httpd-2.2.15-5.el6.i686.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID fd4 31d51: NOKEY | ||
error: Failed dependencies: | error: Failed dependencies: | ||
− | apr-util-ldap is needed by httpd-2.2.15-5.el6. | + | apr-util-ldap is needed by httpd-2.2.15-5.el6.i686 |
− | httpd-tools = 2.2.15-5.el6 is needed by httpd-2.2.15-5.el6. | + | httpd-tools = 2.2.15-5.el6 is needed by httpd-2.2.15-5.el6.i686 |
− | |||
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− | |||
+ | [root@maxin Packages]# ll |grep apr-util-ldap | ||
+ | -r--r--r--. 1 root root 15692 Oct 24 22:13 apr-util-ldap-1.3.9-3.el6.i686.rpm | ||
− | + | [root@maxin Packages]# rpm -ivh apr-util-ldap-1.3.9-3.el6.i686.rpm | |
− | warning: | + | warning: apr-util-ldap-1.3.9-3.el6.i686.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID fd431d51: NOKEY |
Preparing... ########################################### [100%] | Preparing... ########################################### [100%] | ||
− | 1: | + | 1:apr-util-ldap ########################################### [100%] |
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | [root@maxin Packages]# rpm -ivh httpd-2.2.15-5.el6.i686.rpm | ||
+ | warning: httpd-2.2.15-5.el6.i686.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID fd4 31d51: NOKEY | ||
+ | error: Failed dependencies: | ||
+ | httpd-tools = 2.2.15-5.el6 is needed by httpd-2.2.15-5.el6.i686 | ||
+ | [root@maxin Packages]# ll |grep httpd-tools | ||
+ | -r--r--r--. 1 root root 69988 Oct 24 22:14 httpd-tools-2.2.15-5.el6.i686.rpm | ||
+ | [root@maxin Packages]# rpm -ivh httpd-tools-2.2.15-5.el6.i686.rpm | ||
+ | warning: httpd-tools-2.2.15-5.el6.i686.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID fd431d51: NOKEY | ||
+ | Preparing... ########################################### [100%] | ||
+ | 1:httpd-tools ########################################### [100%] | ||
+ | |||
+ | 再次尝试安装httpd | ||
+ | [root@maxin Packages]# rpm -ivh httpd-2.2.15-5.el6.i686.rpm | ||
+ | warning: httpd-2.2.15-5.el6.i686.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID fd4 31d51: NOKEY | ||
+ | Preparing... ########################################### [100%] | ||
+ | 1:httpd ########################################### [100%] | ||
+ | [root@maxin Packages]# | ||
+ | |||
</nowiki> | </nowiki> | ||
2018年10月27日 (六) 08:07的版本
目录
Apache简介
Apache版本和主要的特点
Apache简介
Apache是一个知名的Web服务器,是一个开源软件。 Apache的开发人员全部为志愿者,而不含任何商业行为。 Apache Web服务器是使用比例最高的Web服务器。Apache在功能、效率及速度方面居于领先的地位。
Apache Web服务器目录和文件
Apache简介
2007年10月,根据Netcraft公司的调查结果显示Apache是世界上排名第一的WEB服务器。 如下图所示:
Apache简介 Apache是一个知名的Web服务器,是一个开源软件。 Apache的开发人员全部为志愿者,而不含任何商业行为。 Apache Web服务器是使用比例最高的Web服务器。Apache在功能、效率及速度方面居于领先的地位。
Apache Web服务器目录和文件
Apache特性
- Apache具有跨平台性,可以运行在UNIX、Linux和Windows等多种操作系统上。
- Apache凭借其开放源代码的优势发展迅速,可以支持很多功能模块。借助这些功能模块,Apache具有无限扩展功能的优点。
- Apache的工作性能和稳定性远远领先于其他同类产品。
Apache的安装
RPM安装
在安装Apache前,需要确定系统中是否已安装了Apache软件。
可在终端命令窗口中按如下方式操作,查看是否已安装了Apache:
[root@cloud17 ~]# rpm -qa |grep httpd
httpd-2.2.15-5.el6.x86_64 httpd-tools-2.2.15-5.el6.x86_64
如果出现以上的软件包名称,则表示系统已经安装了Apache。
如果系统还未安装Apache,可以通过以下方法进行安装。
准备rpm包
从网上下载相关的rpm包:
http://rpmfind.net/linux/redhat/9/en/os/i386/RedHat/RPMS/httpd-2.0.40-21.i386.rpm
或者:挂载Redhat的光盘到Linux系统
mkdir /mnt/downloads mount -o loop /dev/cdrom /mnt/downloads ls /mnt/downloads mkdir test cp /mnt/downloads/Packages/ test/ cp /mnt/downloads/Packages/ test/ -r cd test ls cd Packages
查询相关的httpd包:
[root@maxin ~]# ll| grep httpd /mnt/downloads/Packages/httpd-2.2.15-5.el6.i686.rpm /mnt/downloads/Packages/httpd-devel-2.2.15-5.el6.i686.rpm /mnt/downloads/Packages/httpd-manual-2.2.15-5.el6.noarch.rpm /mnt/downloads/Packages/httpd-tools-2.2.15-5.el6.i686.rpm
</nowiki>
执行安装
[root@maxin Packages]# rpm -ivh httpd-2.2.15-5.el6.i686.rpm warning: httpd-2.2.15-5.el6.i686.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID fd4 31d51: NOKEY error: Failed dependencies: apr-util-ldap is needed by httpd-2.2.15-5.el6.i686 httpd-tools = 2.2.15-5.el6 is needed by httpd-2.2.15-5.el6.i686 libapr-1.so.0 is needed by httpd-2.2.15-5.el6.i686 libaprutil-1.so.0 is needed by httpd-2.2.15-5.el6.i686 此时报错,libapr-1.so.0在apr-1.2.7-11.el5_3.1.i386.rpm中,libaprutil-1.so.0在apr-util-1.2.7-7.el5_3.2.i386.rpm,安装这两个包 [root@maxin Packages]# ll |grep apr -r--r--r--. 1 root root 130904 Oct 24 22:13 apr-1.3.9-3.el6.i686.rpm -r--r--r--. 1 root root 180168 Oct 24 22:13 apr-devel-1.3.9-3.el6.i686.rpm -r--r--r--. 1 root root 91052 Oct 24 22:13 apr-util-1.3.9-3.el6.i686.rpm -r--r--r--. 1 root root 70372 Oct 24 22:13 apr-util-devel-1.3.9-3.el6.i686.rp m -r--r--r--. 1 root root 15692 Oct 24 22:13 apr-util-ldap-1.3.9-3.el6.i686.rpm [root@maxin Packages]# rpm -ivh apr-1.3.9-3.el6.i686.rpm warning: apr-1.3.9-3.el6.i686.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID fd431d 51: NOKEY Preparing... ########################################### [100%] 1:apr ########################################### [100%] [root@maxin Packages]# ll |grep apr-util -r--r--r--. 1 root root 91052 Oct 24 22:13 apr-util-1.3.9-3.el6.i686.rpm -r--r--r--. 1 root root 70372 Oct 24 22:13 apr-util-devel-1.3.9-3.el6.i686.rp m -r--r--r--. 1 root root 15692 Oct 24 22:13 apr-util-ldap-1.3.9-3.el6.i686.rpm [root@maxin Packages]# rpm -ivh apr-util-1.3.9-3.el6.i686.rpm warning: apr-util-1.3.9-3.el6.i686.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID f d431d51: NOKEY Preparing... ########################################### [100%] 1:apr-util ########################################### [100%] 再次尝试安装httpd: [root@maxin Packages]# rpm -ivh httpd-2.2.15-5.el6.i686.rpm warning: httpd-2.2.15-5.el6.i686.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID fd4 31d51: NOKEY error: Failed dependencies: apr-util-ldap is needed by httpd-2.2.15-5.el6.i686 httpd-tools = 2.2.15-5.el6 is needed by httpd-2.2.15-5.el6.i686 [root@maxin Packages]# ll |grep apr-util-ldap -r--r--r--. 1 root root 15692 Oct 24 22:13 apr-util-ldap-1.3.9-3.el6.i686.rpm [root@maxin Packages]# rpm -ivh apr-util-ldap-1.3.9-3.el6.i686.rpm warning: apr-util-ldap-1.3.9-3.el6.i686.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID fd431d51: NOKEY Preparing... ########################################### [100%] 1:apr-util-ldap ########################################### [100%] [root@maxin Packages]# rpm -ivh httpd-2.2.15-5.el6.i686.rpm warning: httpd-2.2.15-5.el6.i686.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID fd4 31d51: NOKEY error: Failed dependencies: httpd-tools = 2.2.15-5.el6 is needed by httpd-2.2.15-5.el6.i686 [root@maxin Packages]# ll |grep httpd-tools -r--r--r--. 1 root root 69988 Oct 24 22:14 httpd-tools-2.2.15-5.el6.i686.rpm [root@maxin Packages]# rpm -ivh httpd-tools-2.2.15-5.el6.i686.rpm warning: httpd-tools-2.2.15-5.el6.i686.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID fd431d51: NOKEY Preparing... ########################################### [100%] 1:httpd-tools ########################################### [100%] 再次尝试安装httpd [root@maxin Packages]# rpm -ivh httpd-2.2.15-5.el6.i686.rpm warning: httpd-2.2.15-5.el6.i686.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID fd4 31d51: NOKEY Preparing... ########################################### [100%] 1:httpd ########################################### [100%] [root@maxin Packages]#
Yum安装
另一种安装方式:
yum install httpd
Apache服务的安装软件包
httpd-2.0.52-9.ent .i386.rpm:Apache 2.0。 httpd-manual-2.0.52-9.ent.i386.rpm:Apache 2.0手册。 httpd-suexec-2.0.52-9.ent.i386.rpm:允许Apache以root用户身份运行程序的软件包。 system-config-httpd-1.3.1-1.noarch.rpm:Apache服务的图形化配置工具。
编译安装
下载最新压缩包
http://apache.linuxforum.net/dist/httpd/httpd-2.0.48.tar.gz
解压、配置安装
解压缩 tar –xzvf httpd-2.0.48.tar.gz
配置 ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache --enable-so
编译 make
安装 make install
安装后的验证
重启httpd服务
- service httpd restart
关闭防火墙和selinux
Redhat使用了SELinux来增强安全,关闭的办法为:
1. 永久有效
修改 /etc/selinux/config 文件中的 SELINUX="" 为 disabled ,然后重启。
2. 即时生效
setenforce 0
关闭防火墙的方法为:
1. 永久性生效
开启:chkconfig iptables on
关闭:chkconfig iptables off
2. 即时生效,重启后失效
开启:service iptables start
关闭:service iptables stop
测试apache是否正常工作
使用地址 http://[虚拟机IP] 在物理机浏览器上访问应该能看到如下画面: