“Centos7 安装python3”的版本间的差异
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CentOS 7系统自带了python2,不过可以不用2版本,直接使用python3运行python脚本就可以,但是千万别去动系统自带的python2,因为有程序依赖目前的python2环境,比如yum,动了yum就无法运行了,其他有的程序也可能会受影响。明白了上面的,然后就来安装Python3.6: | CentOS 7系统自带了python2,不过可以不用2版本,直接使用python3运行python脚本就可以,但是千万别去动系统自带的python2,因为有程序依赖目前的python2环境,比如yum,动了yum就无法运行了,其他有的程序也可能会受影响。明白了上面的,然后就来安装Python3.6: | ||
+ | |||
+ | ==准备工作== | ||
+ | 1 ping 114.114.114.114 | ||
+ | |||
+ | 2 yum repolist | ||
+ | |||
+ | 3 sudo yum-config-manager --add-repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo | ||
+ | |||
+ | 4 yum repolist | ||
+ | |||
+ | 如果阿里的镜像不行,yum源就配置清华大学的:https://blog.csdn.net/xiaojin21cen/article/details/84726193 | ||
==安装依赖环境== | ==安装依赖环境== | ||
yum -y install zlib-devel bzip2-devel openssl-devel ncurses-devel sqlite-devel readline-devel tk-devel gdbm-devel db4-devel libpcap-devel xz-devel | yum -y install zlib-devel bzip2-devel openssl-devel ncurses-devel sqlite-devel readline-devel tk-devel gdbm-devel db4-devel libpcap-devel xz-devel | ||
+ | |||
+ | 如果要安装ansible,请再执行以下命令: | ||
+ | |||
+ | yum install libffi-devel -y | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | 如果db4-devel安装不上,可执行以下命令,到镜像网站上去下载: | ||
+ | |||
+ | <nowiki>16 wget https://mirrors.aliyun.com/epel/7/x86_64/Packages/l/libdb4-4.8.30-13.el7.x86_64.rpm | ||
+ | 17 wget https://mirrors.aliyun.com/epel/7/x86_64/Packages/l/libdb4-devel-4.8.30-13.el7.x86_64.rpm | ||
+ | 18 yum localinstall libdb4-4.8.30-13.el7.x86_64.rpm libdb4-devel-4.8.30-13.el7.x86_64.rpm | ||
+ | </nowiki> | ||
+ | |||
+ | 参考文档: | ||
+ | |||
+ | https://blog.csdn.net/wjzhang5514/article/details/104397726 | ||
==下载python3== | ==下载python3== | ||
− | wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3. | + | yum install wget |
+ | |||
+ | wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.7.5/Python-3.7.5.tgz | ||
==安装python3== | ==安装python3== | ||
第14行: | 第43行: | ||
mkdir -p /usr/local/Python3 | mkdir -p /usr/local/Python3 | ||
− | 解压下载好的Python-3. | + | 解压下载好的Python-3.7.5.tgz包(具体包名因你下载的Python具体版本,我下载的是Python3.7.5这里就以Python-3.7.5.tgz为例) |
− | tar -zxvf Python-3. | + | tar -zxvf Python-3.7.5.tgz |
===编译安装=== | ===编译安装=== | ||
第24行: | 第53行: | ||
如果编译安装过程有报错提示,可参考文档:http://www.cnblogs.com/shwee/p/9013851.html | 如果编译安装过程有报错提示,可参考文档:http://www.cnblogs.com/shwee/p/9013851.html | ||
+ | cd ~ | ||
yum install -y gcc | yum install -y gcc | ||
− | cd Python-3. | + | cd Python-3.7.5 |
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/Python3 | ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/Python3 | ||
第37行: | 第67行: | ||
或者两步一起:make && make install | 或者两步一起:make && make install | ||
+ | |||
+ | linux编译安装中configure、make和make install各自的作用如下: | ||
+ | |||
+ | (1)./configure是用来检测你的安装平台的目标特征的。比如它会检测你是不是有CC或GCC,并不是需要CC或GCC,它是个shell脚本。 | ||
+ | |||
+ | (2)make是用来编译的,它从Makefile 中读取指令,然后编译。 | ||
+ | |||
+ | (3)make install 是用来安装的,它也从 Makefile 中读取指令,安装到指定的位置。 | ||
===建立软链接=== | ===建立软链接=== | ||
ln -s /usr/local/Python3/bin/python3 /usr/bin/python3 | ln -s /usr/local/Python3/bin/python3 /usr/bin/python3 | ||
===设置环境变量=== | ===设置环境变量=== | ||
− | echo "export PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin:/usr/local/Python3/bin" >> | + | echo "export PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin:/usr/local/Python3/bin" >> /etc/profile |
− | source | + | source /etc/profile |
==验证Python3== | ==验证Python3== | ||
− | [root@localhost Python-3. | + | [root@localhost Python-3.7.5]# python3 -V |
− | Python 3. | + | Python 3.7.5 |
− | [root@localhost Python-3. | + | [root@localhost Python-3.7.5]# pip3 -V |
− | pip | + | pip 19.2.3 from /usr/local/Python3/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip (python 3.7) |
2022年9月2日 (五) 00:58的最新版本
CentOS 7系统自带了python2,不过可以不用2版本,直接使用python3运行python脚本就可以,但是千万别去动系统自带的python2,因为有程序依赖目前的python2环境,比如yum,动了yum就无法运行了,其他有的程序也可能会受影响。明白了上面的,然后就来安装Python3.6:
准备工作
1 ping 114.114.114.114
2 yum repolist
3 sudo yum-config-manager --add-repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo
4 yum repolist
如果阿里的镜像不行,yum源就配置清华大学的:https://blog.csdn.net/xiaojin21cen/article/details/84726193
安装依赖环境
yum -y install zlib-devel bzip2-devel openssl-devel ncurses-devel sqlite-devel readline-devel tk-devel gdbm-devel db4-devel libpcap-devel xz-devel
如果要安装ansible,请再执行以下命令:
yum install libffi-devel -y
如果db4-devel安装不上,可执行以下命令,到镜像网站上去下载:
16 wget https://mirrors.aliyun.com/epel/7/x86_64/Packages/l/libdb4-4.8.30-13.el7.x86_64.rpm 17 wget https://mirrors.aliyun.com/epel/7/x86_64/Packages/l/libdb4-devel-4.8.30-13.el7.x86_64.rpm 18 yum localinstall libdb4-4.8.30-13.el7.x86_64.rpm libdb4-devel-4.8.30-13.el7.x86_64.rpm
参考文档:
https://blog.csdn.net/wjzhang5514/article/details/104397726
下载python3
yum install wget
wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.7.5/Python-3.7.5.tgz
安装python3
包安装在/usr/local/Python3(具体安装位置看个人喜好)
创建目录
mkdir -p /usr/local/Python3
解压下载好的Python-3.7.5.tgz包(具体包名因你下载的Python具体版本,我下载的是Python3.7.5这里就以Python-3.7.5.tgz为例)
tar -zxvf Python-3.7.5.tgz
编译安装
进入解压后的目录,编译安装
如果编译安装过程有报错提示,可参考文档:http://www.cnblogs.com/shwee/p/9013851.html
cd ~ yum install -y gcc cd Python-3.7.5 ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/Python3
然后:make
make
接着:make install
make install
或者两步一起:make && make install
linux编译安装中configure、make和make install各自的作用如下:
(1)./configure是用来检测你的安装平台的目标特征的。比如它会检测你是不是有CC或GCC,并不是需要CC或GCC,它是个shell脚本。
(2)make是用来编译的,它从Makefile 中读取指令,然后编译。
(3)make install 是用来安装的,它也从 Makefile 中读取指令,安装到指定的位置。
建立软链接
ln -s /usr/local/Python3/bin/python3 /usr/bin/python3
设置环境变量
echo "export PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin:/usr/local/Python3/bin" >> /etc/profile
source /etc/profile
验证Python3
[root@localhost Python-3.7.5]# python3 -V
Python 3.7.5
[root@localhost Python-3.7.5]# pip3 -V
pip 19.2.3 from /usr/local/Python3/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip (python 3.7)
参考文档