Django 连通Elasticsearch
来自CloudWiki
前置知识
本文档所用的ES索引就是这两个实训中建立起来的，因此在本文档中直接用。
实训步骤
创建项目
[root@localhost ~]# django-admin startproject tutorial
[root@localhost ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg CentOS-Sources.repo jdk1.8.0_211 apache-maven-3.5.4-bin.tar.gz centos.tar jdk-8u211-linux-x64.tar.gz big_data CentOS-Vault.repo mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel62-4.0.0.tgz CentOS-Base.repo docker-ce.repo Python-3.6.5 CentOS-CR.repo Dockerfile Python-3.6.5.tgz CentOS-Debuginfo.repo elasticsearch-5.5.1 tutorial CentOS-fasttrack.repo elasticsearch-5.5.1.zip CentOS-Media.repo HelloWorld
创建APP
[root@localhost ~]# cd tutorial
[root@localhost tutorial]# python3 manage.py startapp blog
配置APP
在tutorial/settings.py 中添加APP:
[root@localhost tutorial]# vi settings.py
INSTALLED_APPS = [
'django.contrib.admin',
'django.contrib.auth',
'django.contrib.contenttypes',
'django.contrib.sessions',
'django.contrib.messages',
'django.contrib.staticfiles',
'rest_framework',
'blog',
]
配置URL
在tutorial/urls.py中配置URL:
from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path
from django.conf.urls import include
urlpatterns = [
path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
path('blog/', include('blog.urls')),
]
编写内部路由文件：
blog/urls.py:
from django.conf.urls import url
from . import views
urlpatterns = [
]
建立ES操作类
该类的作用是对ES进行增删查改操作。
blog/ElasticObj.py:
#coding:utf8
import os
import time
from os import walk
import csv
from datetime import datetime
from elasticsearch import Elasticsearch
from elasticsearch.helpers import bulk
class ElasticObj:
def __init__(self, index_name,index_type,ip ="127.0.0.1"):
'''
:param index_name: 索引名称
:param index_type: 索引类型
'''
self.index_name =index_name
self.index_type = index_type
# 无用户名密码状态
self.es = Elasticsearch( )
#用户名密码状态
#self.es = Elasticsearch([ip],http_auth=('elastic', 'password'),port=9200)
def create_index(self,index_name="ott",index_type="ott_type"):
'''
创建索引,创建索引名称为ott，类型为ott_type的索引
:param ex: Elasticsearch对象
:return:
'''
#创建映射
_index_mappings = {
"mappings": {
self.index_type: {
"properties": {
"title": {
"type": "text",
"index": True,
"analyzer": "ik_max_word",
"search_analyzer": "ik_max_word"
},
"date": {
"type": "text",
"index": True
},
"keyword": {
"type": "string",
"index": "not_analyzed"
},
"source": {
"type": "string",
"index": "not_analyzed"
},
"link": {
"type": "string",
"index": "not_analyzed"
}
}
}
}
}
if self.es.indices.exists(index=self.index_name) is not True:
res = self.es.indices.create(index=self.index_name, body=_index_mappings)
print(res)
def Index_Data(self):
'''
数据存储到es
:return:
'''
list = [
{ "date": "2017-09-13",
"source": "慧聪网",
"link": "http://info.broadcast.hc360.com/2017/09/130859749974.shtml",
"keyword": "电视",
"title": "付费 电视 行业面临的转型和挑战"
},
{ "date": "2017-09-13",
"source": "中国文明网",
"link": "http://www.wenming.cn/xj_pd/yw/201709/t20170913_4421323.shtml",
"keyword": "电视",
"title": "电视 专题片《巡视利剑》广获好评：铁腕反腐凝聚党心民心"
}
]
for item in list:
res = self.es.index(index=self.index_name, doc_type=self.index_type, body=item)
print(res['created'])
def Get_Data_By_Body(self,word):
# doc = {'query': {'match_all': {}}}
doc = {
"query": {
"match": {
"keyword": word
}
}
}
_searched = self.es.search(index=self.index_name, body=doc)
#print(type(_searched))
return _searched['hits']['hits'];
#obj = ElasticObj("ott1", "ott_type1")
#h = obj.Get_Data_By_Body("电视")
编写视图
最后，让我们创建一个简单的搜索视图，查找按标签过滤的所有帖子，并按标题中的单词进行搜索：
blog/views.py:
from django.http import HttpResponse
import traceback
from elasticsearch import Elasticsearch
from .ElasticObj import ElasticObj
def hello(request):
#h = create_mapping( )
obj = ElasticObj("ott1", "ott_type1")
h = obj.Get_Data_By_Body("电视")#搜索电视
return HttpResponse(h)
编写路由
blog/urls.py:
from django.conf.urls import url
from . import views
urlpatterns = [
# url(r'^api/list$', views.BlogView.as_view(), name='blog-list'),
url(r'^api/$', views.hello),
]
测试
[root@localhost blog]# curl http://10.0.0.30:8000/blog/api/
{'_index': 'ott1', '_type': 'ott_type1', '_id': '3', '_score': 0.6931472, '_source': {'date': '2017-09-13', 'source': '人民电视', 'link': 'http://tv.people.com.cn/BIG5/n1/2017/0913/c67816-29533981.html', 'keyword': '电视', 'title': '中国第21批赴刚果（金）维和部隊启程--人民 电视 --人民网'}}{'_index': 'ott1', '_type': 'ott_type1', '_id': '2', '_score': 0.18232156, '_source': {'date': '2017-09-13', 'source': '中国文明网', 'link': 'http://www.wenming.cn/xj_pd/yw/201709/t20170913_4421323.shtml', 'keyword': '电视', 'title': '电视 专题片《巡视利剑》广获好评：铁腕反腐凝聚党心民心'}}{'_index': 'ott1', '_type': 'ott_type1', '_id': '4', '_score': 0.18232156, '_source': {'date': '2017-09-13', 'source': '站长之家', 'link': 'http://www.chinaz.com/news/2017/0913/804263.shtml', 'keyword': '电视', 'title': '电视 盒子 哪个牌子好？ 吐血奉献三大选购秘笈'}}{'_index': 'ott1', '_type': 'ott_type1', '_id': 'AWxhMSpVp5xr6Yl4nhAw', '_score': 0.18232156, '_source': {'date': '2017-09-13', 'source': '慧聪网', 'link': 'http://info.broadcast.hc360.com/2017/09/130859749974.shtml', 'keyword': '电视', 'title': '付费 电视 行业面临的转型和挑战'}}{'_index': 'ott1', '_type': 'ott_type1', '_id': '1', '_score': 0.18232156, '_source': {'date': '2017-09-13', 'source': '慧聪网', 'link': 'http://info.broadcast.hc360.com/2017/09/130859749974.shtml', 'keyword': '电视', 'title': '付费 电视 行业面临的转型和挑战'}}[
或直接在浏览器上打开：
