OpenStack: Neutron 1+X 实训
来自CloudWiki
目录
案例描述
(1）了解 Neutron服务的用处。
(2）学习Neutron服务的基础命令。
(3）使用Neutron命令完成相应运维任务。
案例实施
Neutron网络目的是灵活地划分物理网络，在多租户环境下提供给每个租户独立的网络环境。它是可以被用户创建的对象，如果要和物理环境下的概念映射的话，这个对象相当于一个巨大的交换机，可以拥有无限多个动态可创建和销毁的虛拟端口。
Neutron查询
使用Neutron相关命令查询网络服务的列表信息中的“binary”--列，代码如下所示。
source /etc/keystone/admin-openrc.sh
[root@controller ~]# neutron agent-list
+----------+------------+----------+-------------------+-------+----------------+---------------+ | id | agent_type | host | availability_zone | alive | admin_state_up | binary | +----------+------------+----------+-------------------+-------+----------------+---------------+ | 1ccc8d2d | Open | controll | | :-) | True | neutron- | | -b40a-44 | vSwitch | er | | | | openvswitch- | | 06-b15b- | agent | | | | | agent | | ab4b2b8e | | | | | | | | 8398 | | | | | | | | 245ae2f9 | DHCP agent | controll | nova | :-) | True | neutron-dhcp- | | -6220-4c | | er | | | | agent | | 00-a36d- | | | | | | | | 542a746a | | | | | | | | 3f9e | | | | | | | | 26f38d05 | L3 agent | controll | nova | :-) | True | neutron-l3-ag | | -3553-46 | | er | | | | ent | | f6-8740- | | | | | | | | 847f9774 | | | | | | | | 1f89 | | | | | | | | 5bd0c9e2 | Metadata | controll | | :-) | True | neutron- | | -a2ef-48 | agent | er | | | | metadata- | | 90-a4ac- | | | | | | agent | | a4cb6bcc | | | | | | | | f71b | | | | | | | | f1d1fc34 | Loadbalanc | controll | | :-) | True | neutron- | | -6e9d-46 | er agent | er | | | | lbaas-agent | | b5-8370- | | | | | | | | 0579f3b4 | | | | | | | | 6b6f | | | | | | | +----------+------------+----------+-------------------+-------+----------------+---------------+
[root@controller ~]# neutron agent-list -c binary
+---------------------------+ | binary | +---------------------------+ | neutron-openvswitch-agent | | neutron-dhcp-agent | | neutron-l3-agent | | neutron-metadata-agent | | neutron-lbaas-agent | +---------------------------+
查看网络详情
[root@controller ~]# neutron net-list
+--------------------------------------+---------+-----------------------------------------------------+ | id | name | subnets | +--------------------------------------+---------+-----------------------------------------------------+ | 4bf11a18-ac60-4396-a599-1e368c898f67 | vlan115 | 75d45cae-1cff-4e06-bbd2-a5259ffed886 172.30.15.0/24 | +--------------------------------------+---------+-----------------------------------------------------+
[root@controller ~]# neutron net-show 4bf11a18-ac60-4396-a599-1e368c898f67
+---------------------------+--------------------------------------+ | Field | Value | +---------------------------+--------------------------------------+ | admin_state_up | True | | availability_zone_hints | | | availability_zones | nova | | created_at | 2021-11-05T16:13:19 | | description | | | id | 4bf11a18-ac60-4396-a599-1e368c898f67 | | ipv4_address_scope | | | ipv6_address_scope | | | mtu | 1458 | | name | vlan115 | | port_security_enabled | True | | provider:network_type | gre | | provider:physical_network | | | provider:segmentation_id | 98 | | router:external | False | | shared | False | | status | ACTIVE | | subnets | 75d45cae-1cff-4e06-bbd2-a5259ffed886 | | tags | | | tenant_id | f9ff39ba9daa4e5a8fee1fc50e2d2b34 | | updated_at | 2021-11-05T16:13:20 | +---------------------------+--------------------------------------+
</nowiki>
查询neutron相关组件服务
查询网络服务DHCP agent的详细信息（id 为查询到DHCP agent服务对应id）
[root@controller ~]# neutron agent-list
+--------------------------------------+--------------------+------------+-------------------+-------+----------------+---------------------------+ | id | agent_type | host | availability_zone | alive | admin_state_up | binary | +--------------------------------------+--------------------+------------+-------------------+-------+----------------+---------------------------+ | 1ccc8d2d-b40a-4406-b15b-ab4b2b8e8398 | Open vSwitch agent | controller | | :-) | True | neutron-openvswitch-agent | | 245ae2f9-6220-4c00-a36d-542a746a3f9e | DHCP agent | controller | nova | :-) | True | neutron-dhcp-agent | | 26f38d05-3553-46f6-8740-847f97741f89 | L3 agent | controller | nova | :-) | True | neutron-l3-agent | | 5bd0c9e2-a2ef-4890-a4ac-a4cb6bccf71b | Metadata agent | controller | | :-) | True | neutron-metadata-agent | | f1d1fc34-6e9d-46b5-8370-0579f3b46b6f | Loadbalancer agent | controller | | :-) | True | neutron-lbaas-agent | +--------------------------------------+--------------------+------------+-------------------+-------+----------------+---------------------------+
[root@controller ~]# neutron agent-show f1d1fc34-6e9d-46b5-8370-0579f3b46b6f
+---------------------+--------------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+---------------------+--------------------------------------+
| admin_state_up | True |
| agent_type | Loadbalancer agent |
| alive | True |
| availability_zone | |
| binary | neutron-lbaas-agent |
| configurations | { |
| | "device_drivers": [ |
| | "haproxy_ns" |
| | ], |
| | "instances": 0 |
| | } |
| created_at | 2019-12-03 17:43:13 |
| description | |
| heartbeat_timestamp | 2021-11-27 17:19:06 |
| host | controller |
| id | f1d1fc34-6e9d-46b5-8370-0579f3b46b6f |
| started_at | 2019-12-03 17:43:13 |
| topic | n-lbaas_agent |
+---------------------+--------------------------------------+
创建一个新的网络（FLAT型）
查看租户信息
openstack project list
+----------------------------------+---------+ | ID | Name | +----------------------------------+---------+ | 5d4c854550c749b99d318ed040d0c6c5 | demo | | b9d68ac4b36a40dd996a298afd1ab47e | admin | | e1415d6ec88e4152a1c938234a2f80ec | service | +----------------------------------+---------+
创建网络
neutron net-create --tenant-id [project-id] sharednet1 --shared --provider:network_type flat --provider:physical_network physnet1
+---------------------------+--------------------------------------+ | Field | Value | +---------------------------+--------------------------------------+ | admin_state_up | True | | id | cf6e1ccf-1ac7-4928-93d0-0ef8487c47af | | name | sharednet1 | | provider:network_type | flat | | provider:physical_network | physnet1 | | provider:segmentation_id | | | shared | True | | status | ACTIVE | | subnets | | | tenant_id | a0a60387c08e402f9790b05310245cd8 | +---------------------------+--------------------------------------+
创建子网
neutron subnet-create sharednet1 192.168.100.0/24 --name subnet001 --enable_dhcp=True --allocation-pool start=192.168.100.100,end=192.168.100.150 --gateway=192.168.100.2
Created a new subnet:
+------------------+--------------------------------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+------------------+--------------------------------------------------------+
| allocation_pools | {"start": "192.168.100.100", "end": "192.168.100.150"} |
| cidr | 192.168.100.0/24 |
| dns_nameservers | |
| enable_dhcp | True |
| gateway_ip | 192.168.100.2 |
| host_routes | |
| id | 4073e2b2-ac4e-4256-b6fb-828912b48492 |
| ip_version | 4 |
| name | subnet001 |
| network_id | cf6e1ccf-1ac7-4928-93d0-0ef8487c47af |
| tenant_id | 00d9dcd033d542b68614c88d19fa0544 |
+------------------+--------------------------------------------------------+
此步如果有困难，可到图形界面中完成：
