Python Flask: 打造高可用flask mvc框架
来自CloudWiki
项目结构(初始版)
├─common 存放公用部分 │ ├─libs 公用方法或者类 │ │ │ UrlManager.py │ │ │ │ │ └─__pycache__ │ │ UrlManager.cpython-37.pyc │ │ │ └─models 所有的数据库model ├─config 配置文件 │ base_setting.py 基础配置 │ local_setting.py 开发环境 │ production_setting.py 本地开发环境配置 │ __init__.py │ ├─docs │ mysql.md 所有数据库变更必须在这里记录 │ ├─jobs │ │ __init__.py │ │ │ └─tasks 所有定时任务都存放在这里 │ __init__.py │ ├─web │ application.py :封装的Flask的全局变量，包括app，数据库等 │ list.txt │ manager.py 启动入口 │ readme.md │ requirements.txt python扩展 │ www.py :HTTP模块相关初始化 │
项目配置_初始版
config
base_setting.py:
SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URI = 'mysql://root:123456@127.0.0.1/mysql?charset=utf8mb4' SQLALCHEMY_TRACK_MODIFICATIONS = False
requirements.txt
flask flask-sqlalchemy mysqlclient flask_script
application.py
原始版：
from flask import Flask from flask_sqlalchemy import SQLAlchemy app = Flask(__name__) db = SQLAlchemy(app)
改进版（自定义应用Application)：
from flask import Flask
from flask_sqlalchemy import SQLAlchemy
class Application( Flask ):
def __init__(self,import_name):
super( Application,self ).__init__( import_name )
self.config.from_pyfile( 'config/base_setting.py' )
db.init_app( self )
db = SQLAlchemy()
app = Application( __name__ )
manager.py
from application import app
def main():
manager.run( )
if __name__ == '__main__':
try:
import sys
sys.exit( main() )
except Exception as e:
import traceback
traceback.print_exc()
运行
通过这个文件manager.py 运行项目 :
python manager.py:
* Serving Flask app "application" (lazy loading) * Environment: production �[31m WARNING: This is a development server. Do not use it in a production deployment.�[0m �[2m Use a production WSGI server instead.�[0m * Debug mode: off * Running on http://0.0.0.0:5000/ (Press CTRL+C to quit)
项目配置_flask_script版
config/base_setting.py
添加端口配置：
SERVER_PORT = 8999
application.py
from flask import Flask
from flask_sqlalchemy import SQLAlchemy
from flask_script import Manager
class Application( Flask ):
def __init__(self,import_name):
super( Application,self ).__init__( import_name )
self.config.from_pyfile( 'config/base_setting.py' )
db.init_app( self )
db = SQLAlchemy()
app = Application( __name__ )
manager = Manager(app)#将app进行包装
manager.py
from application import app,manager
from flask_script import Server
import www
##web server
manager.add_command( "runserver", Server( host='0.0.0.0', \
port=app.config['SERVER_PORT'],use_debugger = True ,use_reloader = True) )
def main():
manager.run( )
if __name__ == '__main__':
try:
import sys
sys.exit( main() )
except Exception as e:
import traceback
traceback.print_exc()
运行
py -3.7 manager.py runserver
（3.7为python版本号）
* Serving Flask app "application" (lazy loading) * Environment: production WARNING: This is a development server. Do not use it in a production deployment. Use a production WSGI server instead. * Debug mode: on * Restarting with windowsapi reloader * Debugger is active! * Debugger PIN: 600-024-529 * Running on http://0.0.0.0:8999/ (Press CTRL+C to quit)
项目配置_自动选择脚本
application.py
from flask import Flask
from flask_sqlalchemy import SQLAlchemy
from flask_script import Manager
import os
class Application( Flask ):
def __init__(self,import_name):
super( Application,self ).__init__( import_name )
self.config.from_pyfile( 'config/base_setting.py' )
if "ops_config" in os.environ:
self.config.from_pyfile( 'config/%s_setting.py'%os.environ['ops_config'] )
db.init_app( self )
db = SQLAlchemy()
app = Application( __name__ )
manager = Manager(app)#将app进行包装
local_settting.py
SERVER_PORT = 8998
验证
可通过以下参数 设置引入什么环境变量 D:\teaching\自动化运维\2021-2022-2\code\mooc4>set ops_config=local
D:\teaching\自动化运维\2021-2022-2\code\mooc4>py -3.7 manager.py runserver
* Serving Flask app "application" (lazy loading) * Environment: production WARNING: This is a development server. Do not use it in a production deployment. Use a production WSGI server instead. * Debug mode: on * Restarting with windowsapi reloader * Debugger is active! * Debugger PIN: 600-024-529 * Running on http://0.0.0.0:8998/ (Press CTRL+C to quit)
项目配置_脚本分类配置
base_setting.py
SERVER_PORT = 8999 DEBUG = False SQLALCHEMY_ECHO = False
local_setting.py
一般地，数据库连接不放在base配置里，因为不同环境 数据库连接的参数不一样。
DEBUG = True SQLALCHEMY_ECHO = True SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URI = 'mysql://root:123456@127.0.0.1/mysql?charset=utf8mb4' SQLALCHEMY_TRACK_MODIFICATIONS = False SQLALCHEMY_ENCODING = "utf8mb4"
最终目录
application.py ：封装的Flask的全局变量，包括app，数据库等
common ：存放公用部分
libs 公用方法或者类
models 所有的数据库model
config ：配置文件
base_setting-py：基础配置
develop_setting-py：开发环境
local_setting_demo.py：本地开发环境配置
demoproduction_setting-py：生产环境的配置
docs：文档存放
Mysql.MD所有数据库变更必须在这里记录
jobs ：定时任务
bin
tasks 所有定时任务都存放在这里
manage.py：启动入口
release.sh：系统自己的简单操作脚本，包括更新代码，重启应用
requirements.txt ：python扩展
uwsgi.ini：生产环境uwsgi
web HTTP存放
controllers 所有的C层放在这里
interceptors 拦截器相关
static 静态文件
templates 模板文件
www.py : HTTP模块相关初始化
