查看“OpenStack:Cinder组件的运维”的源代码

==基础准备==
===检查现有磁盘===
控制节点：

[root@compute ~]#  fdisk -l

 <nowiki>Disk /dev/sda: 107.4 GB, 107374182400 bytes, 209715200 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x00070c58

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sda1            2048   195348479    97673216   8e  Linux LVM

Disk /dev/mapper/centos-root: 60.0 GB, 59999518720 bytes, 117186560 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
...
</nowiki>

===添加新硬盘===
给控制节点： 新增加一块硬盘

[[文件:openstack8-41.png|700px]]

关机重启，输入命令：

[root@compute ~]# fdisk -l

 <nowiki>Disk /dev/sda: 107.4 GB, 107374182400 bytes, 209715200 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x00070c58

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sda1            2048   195348479    97673216   8e  Linux LVM

Disk /dev/sdb: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes, 41943040 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes</nowiki>

多的这一个/dev/sdb就是新添加的硬盘。

===硬盘分区===
下面这块硬盘进行分区 ,记录分区的名字


[root@compute ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb

 <nowiki>Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).

Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.

Device does not contain a recognized partition table
Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0x157e7f05.

Command (m for help): n
Partition type:
   p   primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)
   e   extended
Select (default p): p
Partition number (1-4, default 1): 1
First sector (2048-41943039, default 2048): 2048
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (2048-41943039, default 41943039): +10G
Partition 1 of type Linux and of size 10 GiB is set

Command (m for help): W
The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.</nowiki>

查看新的硬盘分区：/dev/sdb1

[root@compute ~]# lsblk

 <nowiki>NAME            MAJ:MIN RM  SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda               8:0    0  100G  0 disk
└─sda1            8:1    0 93.2G  0 part
  ├─centos-root 253:0    0 55.9G  0 lvm  /
  ├─centos-swap 253:1    0 18.6G  0 lvm  [SWAP]
  └─centos-home 253:2    0 18.6G  0 lvm  /home
sdb               8:16   0   20G  0 disk
└─sdb1            8:17   0   10G  0 part
sr0              11:0    1 1024M  0 rom
sr1              11:1    1 1024M  0 rom</nowiki>


参考文档：[[Linux 磁盘管理]]

==Cinder的安装==
===修改配置文件===
控制节点&计算节点：

vi /etc/xiandian/openrc.sh

 <nowiki>##--------------------Cinder Config--------------------##
##Password for Mysql cinder user. exmaple:000000
CINDER_DBPASS=000000

##Password for Keystore cinder user. exmaple:000000
CINDER_PASS=000000

##Cinder Block Disk. example:md126p3
BLOCK_DISK=sdb1（这里填你刚才硬盘分区的名字）
</nowiki>

===执行脚本文件===
控制节点：

cd /usr/local/bin

iaas-install-cinder-controller.sh

iaas-install-cinder-compute.sh

 <nowiki>Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/sysinit.target.wants/lvm2-lvmetad.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/lvm2-lvmetad.service.
  Physical volume "/dev/sdb1" successfully created
  Volume group "cinder-volumes" successfully created
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/openstack-cinder-volume.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/openstack-cinder-volume.service.
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/target.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/target.service.
</nowiki>

== Cinder的CLI命令行使用 ==


Cinder作为OpenStack平台的块存储组件，提供了一系列存储操作的CLI命令行用于管理存储卷，可以灵活地对存储卷进行创建、扩容、删除和加密等操作。

==创建cinder存储卷==
用户可以通过CLI命令创建一个简单的Cinder存储卷，命令如下。

[root@controller ~]# cinder create --display-name test1 1

 <nowiki>
+---------------------+--------------------------------------+
|       Property      |                Value                 |
+---------------------+--------------------------------------+
|     attachments     |                  []                  |
|  availability_zone  |                 nova                 |
|       bootable      |                false                 |
|      created_at     |      2018-12-14T10:14:36.111709      |
| display_description |                 None                 |
|     display_name    |                test1                 |
|      encrypted      |                False                 |
|          id         | 9a523cfc-ab43-49f6-84b3-f8ad5867c2e0 |
|       metadata      |                  {}                  |
|         size        |                  1                   |
|     snapshot_id     |                 None                 |
|     source_volid    |                 None                 |
|        status       |               creating               |
|     volume_type     |                 None                 |
+---------------------+--------------------------------------+</nowiki>

[root@controller ~]# cinder list

 <nowiki>
+--------------------------------------+-----------+-------+------+-------------+----------+-------------+
|                  ID                  |   Status  |  Name | Size | Volume Type | Bootable | Attached to |
+--------------------------------------+-----------+-------+------+-------------+----------+-------------+
| 39aa5d70-6185-40b9-bac0-847d6f9fc016 | available | test1 |  1   |      -      |  false   |             |
+--------------------------------------+-----------+-------+------+-------------+----------+-------------+
</nowiki>

==删除指定的Cinder卷==
删除Cinder卷的方法比较简单，用户可以通过命令cinder delete <volume> [<volume> ...] 来删除一个或多个Cinder卷。

比如说：删除我们上面新创建的type_test_demo这个cinder卷

[root@controller ~]# cinder delete test1 

==指定Cinder卷类型==
===查询type标识的卷类型===
可以通过“cinder type-list”命令来查看现有的卷类型

[root@controller ~]# cinder type-list
 
 <nowiki>+----+------+
| ID | Name |
+----+------+
+----+------+</nowiki>

===创建卷类型===

[root@controller ~]# cinder type-create type1

 <nowiki>+--------------------------------------+-------+-------------+-----------+
|                  ID                  |  Name | Description | Is_Public |
+--------------------------------------+-------+-------------+-----------+
| 0c6ab25c-4c8f-4002-bdc6-5eaf8cfc7343 | type1 |      -      |    True   |
+--------------------------------------+-------+-------------+-----------+
</nowiki>

[root@controller ~]# cinder type-list

 <nowiki>+--------------------------------------+-------+-------------+-----------+
|                  ID                  |  Name | Description | Is_Public |
+--------------------------------------+-------+-------------+-----------+
| 0c6ab25c-4c8f-4002-bdc6-5eaf8cfc7343 | type1 |      -      |    True   |
+--------------------------------------+-------+-------------+-----------+
</nowiki>

===创建并查询extra_spec表示的卷类型===
除了可以通过cinder创建type类型的卷标识外，OpenStack还允许通过cinder创建extra_spec类型的卷类型，两个功能基本类似，extra_spec利用一组键值对来对cinder卷进行标识。

可以通过命令cinder type-key lvm set volume_backend_name=LVM_iSCSI来创建键为volume_backend_name，值为LVM_iSCSI的extra_spec类型标识。

通过cinder extra-specs-list来查看已创建的extra_spec标识。

[root@controller ~]# cinder extra-specs-list

 <nowiki>+--------------------------------------+-------+-------------+
|                  ID                  |  Name | extra_specs |
+--------------------------------------+-------+-------------+
| 6ddb6645-a948-40cc-b614-0457f802f66d | test1 |      {}     |
+--------------------------------------+-------+-------------+</nowiki>

会发现标记红色椭圆的地方是空的，然后我们运行 

[root@controller ~]# cinder type-key test1 set volume_backend_name=1

[root@controller ~]# cinder extra-specs-list

 <nowiki>
+--------------------------------------+-------+--------------------------------+
|                  ID                  |  Name |          extra_specs           |
+--------------------------------------+-------+--------------------------------+
| 6ddb6645-a948-40cc-b614-0457f802f66d | test1 | {u'volume_backend_name': u'1'} |
+--------------------------------------+-------+--------------------------------+</nowiki>

===创建云硬盘===
[root@controller ~]#  cinder create --display-name type_test_demo --volume_type test1 1

 <nowiki>+---------------------+--------------------------------------+
|       Property      |                Value                 |
+---------------------+--------------------------------------+
|     attachments     |                  []                  |
|  availability_zone  |                 nova                 |
|       bootable      |                false                 |
|      created_at     |      2018-12-14T10:13:36.937899      |
| display_description |                 None                 |
|     display_name    |            type_test_demo            |
|      encrypted      |                False                 |
|          id         | 0a30c060-425d-4c74-8623-1ea42f01f3aa |
|       metadata      |                  {}                  |
|         size        |                  1                   |
|     snapshot_id     |                 None                 |
|     source_volid    |                 None                 |
|        status       |               creating               |
|     volume_type     |                test1                 |
+---------------------+--------------------------------------+</nowiki>

创建成功后可以通过命令查看结果，可以看到该卷的volume_type字段已修改为“test1”。查询命令如下

[root@controller ~]#  cinder show type_test_demo

 <nowiki>+--------------------------------+--------------------------------------+
|            Property            |                Value                 |
+--------------------------------+--------------------------------------+
|          attachments           |                  []                  |
|       availability_zone        |                 nova                 |
|            bootable            |                false                 |
|           created_at           |      2018-12-14T10:13:36.000000      |
|      display_description       |                 None                 |
|          display_name          |            type_test_demo            |
|           encrypted            |                False                 |
|               id               | 0a30c060-425d-4c74-8623-1ea42f01f3aa |
|            metadata            |                  {}                  |
|     os-vol-host-attr:host      |                 None                 |
| os-vol-mig-status-attr:migstat |                 None                 |
| os-vol-mig-status-attr:name_id |                 None                 |
|  os-vol-tenant-attr:tenant_id  |   00d9dcd033d542b68614c88d19fa0544   |
|              size              |                  1                   |
|          snapshot_id           |                 None                 |
|          source_volid          |                 None                 |
|             status             |                error                 |
|          volume_type           |                test1                 |
+--------------------------------+--------------------------------------+
[root@controller ~]#</nowiki>

== 对Cinder后端逻辑卷进行扩容 ==

===创建一个1G的云硬盘extend-demo===
[root@controller ~]# source admin-openrc.sh

[root@controller ~]# cinder create --display-name cinder-volume-demo 1

 <nowiki>+---------------------+--------------------------------------+
|       Property      |                Value                 |
+---------------------+--------------------------------------+
|     attachments     |                  []                  |
|  availability_zone  |                 nova                 |
|       bootable      |                false                 |
|      created_at     |      2018-12-14T09:42:46.382604      |
| display_description |                 None                 |
|     display_name    |          cinder-volume-demo          |
|      encrypted      |                False                 |
|          id         | 4bf67c03-2c12-43f8-842b-f971e5c0d97b |
|       metadata      |                  {}                  |
|         size        |                  1                   |
|     snapshot_id     |                 None                 |
|     source_volid    |                 None                 |
|        status       |               creating               |
|     volume_type     |                 None                 |
+---------------------+--------------------------------------+</nowiki>

===通过cinder-list命令查看云硬盘信息===

[root@controller ~]#  cinder list

 <nowiki>+--------------------------------------+-----------+--------------------+------+-------------+----------+-------------+
|                  ID                  |   Status  |    Display Name    | Size | Volume Type | Bootable | Attached to |
+--------------------------------------+-----------+--------------------+------+-------------+----------+-------------+
| 4bf67c03-2c12-43f8-842b-f971e5c0d97b | available | cinder-volume-demo |  1   |     None    |  false   |             |
+--------------------------------------+-----------+--------------------+------+-------------+----------+-------------+
</nowiki>


用户可以在存储节点运行vgdisplay命令查看逻辑卷空间。

[root@controller ~]# vgdisplay 

  <nowiki>--- Volume group ---
  VG Name               cinder-volumes
  System ID             
  Format                lvm2
  Metadata Areas        1
  Metadata Sequence No  2
  VG Access             read/write
  VG Status             resizable
  MAX LV                0
  Cur LV                1
  Open LV               0
  Max PV                0
  Cur PV                1
  Act PV                1
  VG Size               9.76 GiB
  PE Size               4.00 MiB
  Total PE              2499
  Alloc PE / Size       256 / 1.00 GiB
  Free  PE / Size       2243 / 8.76 GiB
  VG UUID               phbML6-I5rB-rn7k-uGaa-ek46-c0u2-VCAgo2
</nowiki>

===对LVM卷进行扩容===
====首先我们通过“pvcreate”命令创建pv====
首先，在计算节点上新创建一个分区/dev/sdb2

[root@controller ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb

 <nowiki>Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).

Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.


Command (m for help): n
Partition type:
   p   primary (1 primary, 0 extended, 3 free)
   e   extended
Select (default p): p
Partition number (2-4, default 2): 2
First sector (20973568-41943039, default 20973568):  20973568
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (20973568-41943039, default 41943039): +2G
Unsupported suffix: 'GG'.
Supported: 10^N: KB (KiloByte), MB (MegaByte), GB (GigaByte)
            2^N: K  (KibiByte), M  (MebiByte), G  (GibiByte)
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (20973568-41943039, default 41943039): +2G
Partition 2 of type Linux and of size 2 GiB is set

Command (m for help): W
The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.

WARNING: Re-reading the partition table failed with error 16: Device or resource busy.
The kernel still uses the old table. The new table will be used at
the next reboot or after you run partprobe(8) or kpartx(8)
Syncing disks.
</nowiki>

[root@controller ~]# reboot

 <nowiki>Broadcast message from root@controller
        (/dev/pts/0) at 4:54 ...

The system is going down for reboot NOW!</nowiki>

[root@controller ~]# lsblk

 <nowiki>NAME                                         MAJ:MIN RM  SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda                                            8:0    0  100G  0 disk
└─sda1                                         8:1    0 93.2G  0 part
  ├─centos-root                              253:0    0 55.9G  0 lvm  /
  ├─centos-swap                              253:1    0 18.6G  0 lvm  [SWAP]
  └─centos-home                              253:2    0 18.6G  0 lvm  /home
sdb                                            8:16   0   20G  0 disk
├─sdb1                                         8:17   0   10G  0 part
│ ├─cinder--volumes-volume--39aa5d70--6185--40b9--bac0--847d6f9fc016
                                             253:3    0    1G  0 lvm
│ └─cinder--volumes-volume--8fbd9360--ff27--47c0--afd1--db129f323206
                                             253:4    0    1G  0 lvm
└─sdb2                                         8:18   0    2G  0 part
sr0                                           11:0    1 1024M  0 rom
sr1                                           11:1    1 1024M  0 rom
</nowiki> 

[root@controller ~]#  pvcreate /dev/sdb2 （刚才新创建的分区）

  <nowiki>  Physical volume "/dev/sdb2" successfully created
</nowiki>

[root@controller ~]# pvdisplay

  <nowiki>--- Physical volume ---
  PV Name               /dev/sdb1
  VG Name               cinder-volumes
  PV Size               10.00 GiB / not usable 4.00 MiB
  Allocatable           yes
  PE Size               4.00 MiB
  Total PE              2559
  Free PE               2047
  Allocated PE          512
  PV UUID               vgk3ae-A5ie-DkzP-5fHB-KEYG-pBfk-7Ro3Vy

  --- Physical volume ---
  PV Name               /dev/sda1
  VG Name               centos
  PV Size               93.15 GiB / not usable 4.00 MiB
  Allocatable           yes
  PE Size               4.00 MiB
  Total PE              23845
  Free PE               2
  Allocated PE          23843
  PV UUID               JwpPRp-jhN9-1CgH-2eOD-QGRE-K0lH-oDxMC4

  "/dev/sdb2" is a new physical volume of "2.00 GiB"
  --- NEW Physical volume ---
  PV Name               /dev/sdb2
  VG Name
  PV Size               2.00 GiB
  Allocatable           NO
  PE Size               0
  Total PE              0
  Free PE               0
  Allocated PE          0
  PV UUID               yfUsww-CxqM-DXJn-jQEE-H2Ob-lm2u-1A71Yx
</nowiki>
   
这样就成功的创建了一个名为/dev/sdb2的物理分区

==== 接着，我们通过“vgextend”命令扩展已有VG的容量====

首先我们先看一下cinder-volumes卷组的大小

[root@controller ~]# vgdisplay

  <nowiki>--- Volume group ---
  VG Name               cinder-volumes
  System ID             
  Format                lvm2
  Metadata Areas        1
  Metadata Sequence No  2
  VG Access             read/write
  VG Status             resizable
  MAX LV                0
  Cur LV                1
  Open LV               0
  Max PV                0
  Cur PV                1
  Act PV                1
  VG Size               9.76 GiB
  PE Size               4.00 MiB
  Total PE              2499
  Alloc PE / Size       256 / 1.00 GiB
  Free  PE / Size       2243 / 8.76 GiB
  VG UUID               phbML6-I5rB-rn7k-uGaa-ek46-c0u2-VCAgo2</nowiki>

然后进行卷组宽展：
   
[root@controller ~]# vgextend cinder-volumes /dev/sdb2
  Volume group "cinder-volumes" successfully extended

====查看扩展后的VG容量====
[root@controller ~]# vgdisplay

  <nowiki>--- Volume group ---
  VG Name               cinder-volumes
  System ID
  Format                lvm2
  Metadata Areas        2
  Metadata Sequence No  4
  VG Access             read/write
  VG Status             resizable
  MAX LV                0
  Cur LV                2
  Open LV               0
  Max PV                0
  Cur PV                2
  Act PV                2
  VG Size               11.99 GiB
  PE Size               4.00 MiB
  Total PE              3070
  Alloc PE / Size       512 / 2.00 GiB
  Free  PE / Size       2558 / 9.99 GiB
  VG UUID               M9a5hN-TIAR-Xm3C-mbzp-2QgQ-dUjB-AfJP1e
</nowiki>

====重启cinder-volume服务后再次创建云硬盘====
   
[root@controller ~]# cinder create --display-name cinder-volume-demo 2

 <nowiki>+---------------------+--------------------------------------+
|       Property      |                Value                 |
+---------------------+--------------------------------------+
|     attachments     |                  []                  |
|  availability_zone  |                 nova                 |
|       bootable      |                false                 |
|      created_at     |      2018-12-14T10:09:49.916306      |
| display_description |                 None                 |
|     display_name    |          cinder-volume-demo          |
|      encrypted      |                False                 |
|          id         | 5d4127c8-0c9d-4703-ada8-d9e716d87565 |
|       metadata      |                  {}                  |
|         size        |                  10                  |
|     snapshot_id     |                 None                 |
|     source_volid    |                 None                 |
|        status       |               creating               |
|     volume_type     |                 None                 |
+---------------------+--------------------------------------+</nowiki>

[root@controller ~]# cinder list

 <nowiki>+--------------------------------------+-----------+--------------------+------+-------------+----------+-------------+
|                  ID                  |   Status  |    Display Name    | Size | Volume Type | Bootable | Attached to |
+--------------------------------------+-----------+--------------------+------+-------------+----------+-------------+
| 3ea86c92-4f15-4aa0-90fa-99b37b107b3a |   error   | cinder-volume-demo | 100  |     None    |  false   |             |
| 4bf67c03-2c12-43f8-842b-f971e5c0d97b | available | cinder-volume-demo |  1   |     None    |  false   |             |
| 5d4127c8-0c9d-4703-ada8-d9e716d87565 | available | cinder-volume-demo |  10  |     None    |  false   |             |
+--------------------------------------+-----------+--------------------+------+-------------+----------+-------------+</nowiki>



==Cinder快照操作==
===创建Cinder卷快照===
用户可以通过如下命令来创建一个简单的Cinder 卷快照。

# cinder snapshot-create --display-name snapshot_test1 test1

 <nowiki>+---------------------+--------------------------------------+
|       Property      |                Value                 |
+---------------------+--------------------------------------+
|      created_at     |      2018-12-14T10:15:52.333696      |
| display_description |                 None                 |
|     display_name    |            snapshot_test1            |
|          id         | 9fd3fae4-5804-42bb-a807-218083dd0c76 |
|       metadata      |                  {}                  |
|         size        |                  1                   |
|        status       |               creating               |
|      volume_id      | 9a523cfc-ab43-49f6-84b3-f8ad5867c2e0 |
+---------------------+--------------------------------------+</nowiki>
===查看Cinder卷、快照信息===
我们可以通过cinder-list命令查看镜像列表

# cinder list查看cinder卷的列表

# cinder snapshot-list查看snapshot的列表

还可以通过“cinder show <volume>”命令来查看指定云硬盘的详细信息，命令如下。

#cinder show d679d729-85b7-49fa-ab89-f7b87153b62d 


==将已创建的Cinder卷挂载到虚拟机实例==
首先查看有没有云主机实例：

nova list

 <nowiki>+----+------+--------+------------+-------------+----------+
| ID | Name | Status | Task State | Power State | Networks |
+----+------+--------+------------+-------------+----------+
+----+------+--------+------------+-------------+----------+</nowiki>

如果没有的话，我们可以创建一个最简单的实例：

nova boot --flavor m1.tiny --image cirros  test1

 <nowiki>+--------------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------+
| Property                             | Value                                         |
+--------------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------+
| OS-DCF:diskConfig                    | MANUAL                                        |
| OS-EXT-AZ:availability_zone          | nova                                          |
| OS-EXT-SRV-ATTR:host                 | -                                             |
| OS-EXT-SRV-ATTR:hypervisor_hostname  | -                                             |
| OS-EXT-SRV-ATTR:instance_name        | instance-00000002                             |
| OS-EXT-STS:power_state               | 0                                             |
| OS-EXT-STS:task_state                | scheduling                                    |
| OS-EXT-STS:vm_state                  | building                                      |
| OS-SRV-USG:launched_at               | -                                             |
| OS-SRV-USG:terminated_at             | -                                             |
| accessIPv4                           |                                               |
| accessIPv6                           |                                               |
| adminPass                            | koMo8S7iKqD5                                  |
| config_drive                         |                                               |
| created                              | 2018-12-14T11:41:38Z                          |
| flavor                               | m1.tiny (2)                                  |
| hostId                               |                                               |
| id                                   | e3c8ef21-673d-43fd-bc7b-75f7bda37021          |
| image                                | cirros (498ef44c-0d77-4c8f-ad1e-508c8ca858b1) |
| key_name                             | -                                             |
| metadata                             | {}                                            |
| name                                 | test1                                         |
| os-extended-volumes:volumes_attached | []                                            |
| progress                             | 0                                             |
| security_groups                      | default                                       |
| status                               | BUILD                                         |
| tenant_id                            | 00d9dcd033d542b68614c88d19fa0544              |
| updated                              | 2018-12-14T11:41:38Z                          |
| user_id                              | 83cbfd254b294529853aa51200bd6fe4              |
+--------------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------+</nowiki>

然后在nova list查看

 <nowiki>+--------------------------------------+--------+--------+------------+-------------+--------------------------+
| ID                                   | Name   | Status | Task State | Power State | Networks                 |
+--------------------------------------+--------+--------+------------+-------------+--------------------------+
| 4b2cae1f-8eaf-4531-83b0-7c60619e83c7 | test03 | ACTIVE | -          | Running     | sharednet1=192.168.1.103 |
+--------------------------------------+--------+--------+------------+-------------+--------------------------+</nowiki>

接下来就是将我们创建好的cinder卷挂载到我们创建的云主机实例中：

nova volume-attach 4b2cae1f-8eaf-4531-83b0-7c60619e83c7 (云主机实例的id) d679d729-85b7-49fa-ab89-f7b87153b62d(cinder卷的id)

 <nowiki>+----------+--------------------------------------+
| Property | Value                                |
+----------+--------------------------------------+
| device   | /dev/vdb                             |
| id       | 9a523cfc-ab43-49f6-84b3-f8ad5867c2e0 |
| serverId | 4b2cae1f-8eaf-4531-83b0-7c60619e83c7 |
| volumeId | 9a523cfc-ab43-49f6-84b3-f8ad5867c2e0 |
+----------+--------------------------------------+</nowiki>

最后查看挂载情况：

cinder list

 <nowiki>+--------------------------------------+-----------+--------------------+------+-------------+----------+--------------------------------------+
|                  ID                  |   Status  |    Display Name    | Size | Volume Type | Bootable |             Attached to              |
+--------------------------------------+-----------+--------------------+------+-------------+----------+--------------------------------------+
| 0a30c060-425d-4c74-8623-1ea42f01f3aa |   error   |   type_test_demo   |  1   |    test1    |  false   |                                      |
| 3ea86c92-4f15-4aa0-90fa-99b37b107b3a |   error   | cinder-volume-demo | 100  |     None    |  false   |                                      |
| 4bf67c03-2c12-43f8-842b-f971e5c0d97b | available | cinder-volume-demo |  1   |     None    |  false   |                                      |
| 9a523cfc-ab43-49f6-84b3-f8ad5867c2e0 |   in-use  |       test1        |  1   |     None    |  false   | 4b2cae1f-8eaf-4531-83b0-7c60619e83c7 |
| feaa8688-cefd-4f2e-987c-2a59cd951885 | available | cinder-volume-demo |  1   |     None    |  false   |                                      |
+--------------------------------------+-----------+--------------------+------+-------------+----------+--------------------------------------+</nowiki>